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The coat of arms of San Marino probably originated in the fourteenth century. The official establishment took place on 6 April 1862 by a Decree of the Supreme Council; the same act introduced the crown on top of the shield.〔(About the Republic of San Marino ), p. 6.〕 There is little evidence regarding the official design until the mid 20th century. "The Flag Bulletin" vol. III, no. 2 from the winter of 1963-64 is reproducing on page 31 an ''"official plate showing the flag and arms of San Marino, () was a gift of the Sammarinese government, through its Consul in New York."'' This plate was previously published in an official guide of the republic, from March 1963.〔Giuseppe Rossi et al., ''Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino - Guida Ufficiale'', Editrice VOGARTE, San Marino, March 1963〕 In 2011, a new ''Law on the flag and coat of arms of San Marino'' presented a slightly simplified design, the main changes being that the branches have no more ramifications, the towers are square instead of round, and the gates are oriented now towards ''sinister''. The coat of arms of San Marino adorns among other things the flag of the country and the logo of the San Marino Football Federation. ==Description== The official description of the coat of arms is: The components of the coat of arms are in detail: *In the blue shield there are three green mountains with three silver towers, each decorated with a weather vane consisting of a silver ostrich feather. The towers symbolize the three citadels of San Marino (La Guaita, La Cesta and La Montale), while the hills represent the three summits of the Monte Titano. *The motto "LIBERTAS" (Lat. ''freedom''). It possibly refers to the taking in of victims of political persecution in the earlier years of San Marino, and to the amazing maintenance of independence in the midst of many larger states. The motto could also have developed from the alleged last words of the founder Marinu "Relinquo vos liberos ab utroque homine" (Lat. "I leave you free from both men").〔This somewhat mysterious phrase is most likely to refer, to the two "men" from whose oppressive power Saint Marinus had decided to separate himself, becoming a hermit on Mount Titano: respectively the Emperor and the Pope. This affirmation of freedom (first and foremost fiscal franchise) from both the State and the Church, however legendary, has always been the inspiration of the tiny republic. (source: "(The Republic of San Marino )", William Miller, The American Historical Review, Vol. 6, No. 4 (Jul., 1901), pp. 633-649)〕 *An oak and laurel branch, which surrounds the coat of arms are symbols for the stability of the republic and the defense of the liberty. *A crown, which serves as symbol of sovereignty. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Coat of arms of San Marino」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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